POPPERS คืออะไร
"Poppers" เป็น ชื่อที่นิยมเรียกสำหรับสารที่ประกอบด้วยด่างไนโตรเจนเจือปน เป็นสารระเหย ที่บรรจุในขวดสีน้ำตาลเล็ก ๆ ในทางการแพทย์ปอปเปอร์สมัยก่อนจะบรรจุในรูปแคปซูลใช้ในผู้ป่วยโรคหัวใจ เมือกลืนเข้าสู่กระเพาะ จะแตกตัวกลายเป็นไอ และได้พัฒนามาเป็นสาร ในขวดสีชา สามารถใช้ทำความสะอาดเครื่องหนังและปรับอากาศให้หมดกลิ่นอับ
ผลกระทบจาก POPPERS
ป๊อบเปอร์ หากสูดดมทางจมูก ซึ่งจะได้รับผลกระทบทันทีภายในไม่กี่วินาทีและจะอยู่ได้นานระยะหนึ่ง หลังสูดดมแล้วจะทำให้กล้ามเนื้อหลอดเลือดผ่อนคลาย หัวใจจะเต้นแรงเร่งจังหวะ
สิ่ง ที่ควรระวังจาก POPPERS
ห้ามใช้ในการสูดดม กลืน หรือกินเพราะหากสัมผัสต่อผิวก็อาจจะทำให้เกิดผื่นและปวดแสบปวดร้อนตามผิวหนังได้ นอกจากนั้นป๊อบเปอร์อาจทำลายเยื่อจมูกหากสูดดมในปริมาณมาก หรือบางคนอาจจะรู้สึกปวดหัว วิงเวียนศีรษะได้ ป๊อป เปอร์ เป็นสารไวไฟ จึงควรเก็บห่างจากบุหรี่ ไม้ขีดไฟและเด็ก สารป๊อปเปอร์ระเหยง่ายจึงควรเก็บไว้ให้ห่างจากผู้ที่มีปัญหาเกี่ยวกับโรคทางเดินหายใจ
ห้ามใช้ในการสูดดม กลืน หรือกินเพราะหากสัมผัสต่อผิวก็อาจจะทำให้เกิดผื่นและปวดแสบปวดร้อนตามผิวหนังได้ นอกจากนั้นป๊อบเปอร์อาจทำลายเยื่อจมูกหากสูดดมในปริมาณมาก หรือบางคนอาจจะรู้สึกปวดหัว วิงเวียนศีรษะได้ ป๊อป เปอร์ เป็นสารไวไฟ จึงควรเก็บห่างจากบุหรี่ ไม้ขีดไฟและเด็ก สารป๊อปเปอร์ระเหยง่ายจึงควรเก็บไว้ให้ห่างจากผู้ที่มีปัญหาเกี่ยวกับโรคทางเดินหายใจ
Poppers is a slang term for various alkyl nitrites inhaled for recreational purposes, particularly amyl nitrite, butyl nitrite, isopropyl nitrite and isobutyl nitrite. Amyl nitrite is used medically as an antidote to cyanide poisoning. Amyl nitrite and several other alkyl nitrites are often inhaled with the goal of enhancing sexual pleasure. These products have also been part of the club culture from the 1970s disco scene to the 1980s and 1990s rave scene. Poppers have a long history of abuse due to the rush of warm sensations and dizziness experienced when the vapors are inhaled. Most often, poppers are used recreationally by men who have sex with men as a sexual enhancer. Poppers have a low risk of harm to society and the individual compared to other recreational drugs.
ตอบลบHistory
Direct, concentrated inhalation of amyl nitrite and the other light alkyl nitrites leads to a non-specific relaxation of smooth muscle, resulting in coronary vasodilatation and decreased systemic vascular resistance and left ventricular preload and afterload.
TIME Magazine and The Wall Street Journal reported that the popper fad began among homosexual men as a way to enhance sexual pleasure, but "quickly spread to avant-garde heterosexuals" as a result of aggressive marketing. A series of interviews conducted in the late 1970s revealed a wide spectrum of users, including construction workers, a "trendy East Side NYC couple" at a "chic NYC nightclub", a Los Angeles businesswoman "in the middle of a particularly hectic public-relations job" (who confided to the reporter that "I could really use a popper now."), and frenetic disco dancers amid "flashing strobe lights and the pulsating beat of music in discos across the country".
User surveys are hard to come by, but a 1988 study found that 69% of men that had sex with men in the Baltimore/Washington DC area reported they had used poppers, with 21% having done so in the prior year. The survey also found that 11% of recreational drug users in the area reported using poppers, increasing to 22% among "heavy abusers," with an average age of first use of 25.6 years old. Both survey groups used poppers to "get high," but the men that had sex with men were more likely to use them during sex.
Liquid aroma is a powerful aroma popper that is highly popular in night parties. The demand for these extraordinary poppers has shown a tremendous increase during festive seasons. People buy liquid aroma poppers to add an extra zing to their parties. Once the pleasurable bottle of liquid aroma is opened, it produces a warm and provoking environment that forces people to get into a mischievous mood. Many people inhale liquid aroma in order to experience enhanced sexual pleasures. It also acts as a catalyst for male orgasm. However, the popper advertising caters majorly to sexually active gay men but this sexual stimulator is often used by straight men and women to make their sexual activities all the more pleasurable. Thus, liquid aroma poppers have gained vast popularity among youngsters as well as couples.
ตอบลบ"The controversy over poppers"
ตอบลบI thought the controversy over poppers had been settled and was well behind us. Apparently not.
By chance it is a topic I found myself having to learn a lot about back in the 1980s when I was doing a great deal of gay activism which then turned into AIDS activism.
During that time (1982-1990) I served as the Research Director of the Illinois Gay and Lesbian Task Force and served as well on the state of Illinois AIDS Interdisciplinary Advisory Council (appointed by the state Dept. of Health) and the City of Chicago AIDS Advisory Council. Remember that early in the AIDS epidemic, before HIV was discovered by Luc Montagnier's laboratory, people came up with all sorts of theories about what caused AIDS. Noting that gay men disproportionately got the disease, some people thought it must be some fungus in the air conditioning systems of gay bathhouses. Others suggested it might be poppers. Others thought it must be supposedly immune suppressive effects of semen. Or another manifestation of syphilis. And on and on.
Many of these theories and more were proposed and promoted (at the same time) by a gay newspaper in New York which continued to claim that these things caused AIDS even after HIV was discovered. The paper does even not now acknowledge that HIV causes AIDS.
(The same newspaper also promoted various alleged therapies and cures, from Japanese mushrooms, to something made from pond scum, to high doses of penicillin, to repeated shots of typhoid fever vaccine, and so forth.) Those of us at the Illinois Gay and Lesbian Task Force took our obligation seriously and tried to look into all of these theories to see if they had any merit. My job as Research Director was to try to obtain additional information for the board to work with, more than was in the newspapers at the time.
Most of the medical journal articles touching on poppers turned out to be laughable and hardly evidence of immune suppression. Some people were harmed by drinking a bottle, or by falling down and hurting themselves if they inhaled large amounts and became dizzy.
Even studies that supposedly tested for immune suppression all used massive amounts of poppers in tests with mice, giving the poor little mice massive amounts that would be equal (for their body weight) to 100 to 200 times what any gay men would normally use on any occasion.
And the mice were often given the poppers continuously for long periods, so there was no opportunity for their bodies to recover whereas humans use it intermittently and their bodies resume normal condition in a few minutes. Yet other studies used "nude" mice, that is mice that have been genetically altered so that they do not have an immune system to begin with. How any tests using poppers could prove something about immune suppression in mice that do not have an immune system to begin with was beyond us.
In other words, the studies that were being done were not a realistic test of anything that happens in the real world.
It may be useful to add here what drug expert Andrew Weil, author of The Natural Mind and other books, recently wrote in HotWired Magazine. He notes that all nitrites are poisonous in excess but then explains:
ตอบลบ"But when inhaled, amyl nitrite breaks down easily and leaves the body quickly. It's been considered one of the safest drugs in medicine. "As with anything else, it's wise not to overdo it. Potential side effects include nausea, headaches, and dizziness. . . . .Be careful not to get it in your eyes, and don't use it in situations requiring muscular coordination (like driving) or in combination with depressants (like alcohol). Finally, make sure you get plenty of fresh air afterward to flush the chemical out of your system."
And that certainly seems like sound cautionary advice no one could disagree with.
I need to be clear here. No one is claiming, and no one needs to claim that poppers are "good" for you, or "wise" to use in the sense that foods have nutritional value or exercise is "good" for you. The conclusion here is simply that poppers are not "bad" for you (as they are ordinarily used by gay men) in the way that some people speculated that they were before HIV was discovered. Despite a great deal of huffing and puffing and some very inflammatory and possibly libelous language to the contrary, the scientific evidence simply is not there in the medical literature.
There are lots of serious problems to worry about in the world, and a lot of things that harm people, and that people do to harm themselves. And there is much that needs to be done to help people with AIDS and to help those who foolishly place themselves at risk for contracting the disease. But running a hostile agenda on poppers contributes nothing to that effort.
Out of respect and discreetness I have left out the name of this online retailer. If interested you can email me and I will share it.
ตอบลบFrom an email sent out by an online retailer of poppers:
Dear Valued Popper Customers
I have some distressing news.
The Gay Community has suffered an unspeakable loss. Joseph F. Miller, the largest Manufacturer and owner of Rush PWD Brand Poppers has committed suicide after the FEDs raided the production facility late last month.
Joe was a fantastic person who provided the gay community in Indiana with funding and support including 100s of thousands of dollars to form an HIV Testing Facility. The philanthropist also supported the democratic campaigns with generous donations. The community will miss him... As well as his poppers, PWD was the largest manufacturer in the United States which supplied not just PWD Brand Poppers but all the brands on our website including Jungle Juice, Blue Boy and more brands of poppers worldwide. This is an industry wide problem and many retailers are already out of business as supplies dwindle.
The ban on poppers is currently being enforced. This is not a sales tactic, many sites have already gone offline already either by force or by lack of product.
Our wholesale business has been discontinued. Stock up because the future is unknown. I will be determining a method to keep news coming for those of you interested you can email [left out].
Joe''s memorial service was yesterday, Tuesday and our thoughts are with his friends and family, I delayed this message out of respect for those suffering this incredible loss.
I would encourage you to discretely forward this email to friends who use poppers, our stock inventory online is 95% accurate as we have to accommodate for anything that hasn't been inspected yet. When it's gone, it's gone.
Order REAL RUSH POPPERS from [left out] today and Never Fake It!
Sincerely,
--The [left out] Team!
---0644250437
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